Immigration, propriete d'entreprises et emploi au Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Le present document fournit pour la premiere fois un apercu de la propriete d'entreprises par les immigrants, ainsi que de la creation d'emplois qui en decoule au Canada. Cette recherche est possible en raison d'un nouvel ensemble de donnees qui a ete cree et dans lequel le statut d'immigrant des proprietaires d'entreprises peut etre determine. L'analyse est axee sur deux types d'entreprises : les entreprises privees constituees en societe et les travailleurs autonomes non constitues en societe . Les resultats sont presentes pour les immigrants qui sont arrives au Canada depuis 1980 et qui se trouvaient au pays en 2010, qui sont simplement designes ci-apres comme des immigrants au Canada. En outre, on suit deux cohortes d'entree d'immigrants, afin de determiner leur trajectoire en ce qui a trait a la propriete d'entreprises au cours des cinq a dix premieres annees passees au Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".