A Kinetic-Mechanistic Study of The Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Sulfuric Acid Solutions with Different Electrode Materials
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has been studied extensively due to the potential application of molecular hydrogen H2as a green fuel. Recently this particular reaction attracted the attention of several electrometallurgical researchers because of another promising application, in which the monoatomic hydrogen species H· (intermediate product of HER) is employed as a reducing agent for copper-sulfide minerals. Consequently, knowledge about the kinetics, mechanisms and rate determining step (rds) of HER in sulfuric acid solutions employing aluminum, copper, Inconel® or glassy carbon(GC) cathodes is necessary to determine the under and overpotential domains where H2 and H· can be generated in a selective manner. Analyses of Tafel plots and the charge transfer coefficients, revealed two electrical potential zones for copper, Inconel and GC, where the monoatomic hydrogen can be recombined chemically or electrochemically to H2 as the rds. On the other hand, with aluminum, only the electrochemical recombination to H2 occurs as the rds. A catalytic effect on the hydrogen recombination reaction was also found when ferrous ion is contained in the solution. Finally, it was determined that aluminum is the most efficient electrocatalyst for producing H· and H2, followed by inconel, copper and GC.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".