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Record W2352856232

On the Competition Issue of Canadian Trade Remedy System

2011· article· en· W2352856232 on OpenAlex
Huang Wen-xu

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueWorld Trade Organization Focus · 2011
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicIntellectual Property Law
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsCompetition (biology)DumpingInternational tradePublic interestSafeguardEconomicsTribunalTrade barrierChinaInternational economicsDomestic marketBusinessPolitical scienceLaw
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Trade remedy measures includes anti-dumping,countervailing and safeguard measures.Trade remedy measures may exclude reasonable competition of foreign enterprises in the domestic market,and then reduce competition in the domestic market.There is an independent public interest investigation in Canadian trade remedy system.The issue of competition is important in the investigation of public interest.Since the Special Import Measures Act enacted at 1984,Canada has initiated 161 trade remedy investigations,of which only 13 cases involved the issue of competition,and less cases in which trade remedy tax be reduced or exempted eventually because of competition issue.In the trade remedy investigations against China,only one case in which a public interest investigation be applied,but in the beginning it was rejected by the Canadian International Trade Tribunal,failed to make substantive investigation.This result reflects the exceptions of the competition in the Canadian trade remedy system..

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.990
Threshold uncertainty score0.996

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.002
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0050.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.038
GPT teacher head0.214
Teacher spread0.176 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it