Heat flux calculation in high speed casting of stainless steel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Heat transfer in the mould plays a very important role in continuous casting.An industrial plant trial was performed in Atlas Steel in Canada to investigate the thermal response of the mould in high speed casting of martensitic and austenitic stainless steel billets.And thermal response of the mould in the casting of high carbon steel was also recorded for comparison.A total of 42 thermocouples was installed on all the four mould walls.Tempreature signals under different operating parameters were recorded and analyzed. The average temperature down the midface of the mould wall from the measured singles was calculated.A mathematical model has been developed for Inverse Heat Conduction Problem.The details of establishment of the model are discussed.And the model is successfully employed to determine mould heat flux profiles down the top of the mould in high speed casting of stainless steel billets from thermocouple measurements.Heat flux distributions for different steel grades and casting speeds were calculated.The influence of casting speed and steel grades on the heat transfer in the mould is discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".