Experimental Study on Stratified and Homogeneous Combustion of a Methanol Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Engine
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In a methanol direct-injection spark-ignition(DISI) engine retrofitted from a 4-cylinder diesel engine,the fuel needs to be injected into the cylinder near the end of compression stroke to realize the stratified combustion at partial loads for improving fuel economy.However,at high loads,the fuel needs to be injected into cylinder during intake stroke to realize the homogeneous combustion for achieving high power output.The results show that the methanol DISI engine can operate within the excessive air ratio of 2.23 and its maximum brake thermal efficiency reaches 35.3%.The methanol DISI engine exhibits higher power output than that of the original diesel engine.The cyclic variations of imep maintains low under a wide range of operating conditions,which shows a stable combustion.NO_x and soot emissions can be decreased simultaneously.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".