Bibliographic record
Abstract
Now we know nothing is sacred,not even Einstein.Study on faster-than-light would open the gateway to new physics,and after 1955 a series of theoretical study and experiments were done in order to discover the phenomenon of faster-than-light(superluminality).Much experimental evidence of superluminal behavior is now available.In this paper,after reviewing the researches of 1955~2009,it can be concluded that the faster-than-light is a realizable scientific statement.So,the assumption of Special Relativity(nothing can travel faster than the speed of light) is flawed.To fly out of the solar system has long been the ideal of humanity.We hope the speed of travel has to be increased to the velocity of light,and if possible,we hope the travel is faster-than-light.It is very difficult,but it is not impossible for us to accomplish this task absolutely.In 1947,the supersonic airplane test flight to be a success,it was the history of break to the sound-barrier.The results of the compressible-fluid mechanics can be used to the faster-than-light research,the developments of the aerodynamics will give good references for break through the light-barrier.From the theoretical point of view,it is very important to study the superluminality,such as the quantum tunneling and the quantum entangled state.It contains two situations:small superluminality(v/c5) and large superluminality(v/c104).Now in order to exceed the speed of light,we will consider to check the accelerator,using the circular waveguide below-cutoff(WBCO),to examine the motion of electrons;i.e.we put forward to using the effect of quantum tunneling to realize the superluminality,the particle-wave loses energy to accelerates after throught the potential barrier.Then,it is similar to the break-through sound-barrier,such as the Laval tube.In order to study the possibility of faster-than-light traveling using a space-craft in universe,we must try to make the neutro-particles(neutrons,atoms) accelerated motion as fast as possible.But the neutronaccelerator is an impracticable plan,then we must try to discover the meta-electron moved superluminally.From wave-mechanics and wave-particle duality viewpoint,several group-velocity faster-than-light experiments was a great success,then we expect that the meta-electrons may be exists.But both the wave and particle will obtain an inevitable outcome is small superluminality,because the intrinsic speed of electromagnetic waves is the velocity of light,so that the motion speed of waves or particles can only make a few alterations to the light speed c in the special conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.011 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.012 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.018 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.013 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.016 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".