Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study presents results of usewear analysis on lithic tools unearthed from Hutouliang,an Upper Paleolithic site in the Nihewan Basin,North China. The Hutouliang lithic assemblage includes predominantly finely retouched formal tools especially morphologically defined points. This study selected 52 out of 73 of these points,which are in previous typological analyses divided into 5 subtypes. Lithic use-wear analysis is used to examine microscopically edge damage and surface rounding in order to assess how these tools were employed. Stone tool use patterns revealed by usewear evidence suggests that humans living at the Hutouliang site made full use of pointed tips and edges for penetrating,scraping,and cutting,and that most of these points may have been hafted. Based on the usewear data and typological observations,we conclude that the Hutouliang people made and used specialized and curated stone tools in order to adapt to the changing climatic environment about 10000 years ago.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".