Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the Early Cretaceous,there existed three phytogeographical regions in China,namely the North China,South China and southern Tibet regions.The North China Phytogeographical Region,which belongs to Vakhrameev'sSiberian Canadian Phytogeographical Region,developed three floras,including the Jehol,Fuxin and Dalazi floras in ascending order.The Jehol flora,which occurs in the Yixian Formation and the Jiufotang Formation of western Liaoning and contemporaneous strata in other areas,is dominated by Cycadopsida and Coniferopsida.It is regared as early Early Cretaceous in age.The Fuxin flora,characterized by the dominanca of the Filicopsida,Ginkgopsida and Coniferopsida,with abundant Cycadopsida and Equisetales,occurs in the Shahai Formation and the Fuxin Formation of western Liaoning and other equivalent strata.The Filicopsida is represented by abundant Dicksoniaceae,Osmundaceae,Schizaeaceae and monolete spore elements in the flora.This flora can be subdivided into three assemblages,which are in ascending order the Acanthopteris-Ginkgo coriacea assemblage,Ruffordia goepperti-Dryopterites assemblage and Ctenis lyrata-Chilinia assemblage.These three assemblages occur,respectively,in the Shahai Formation,and the lower-middle and upper parts of the Fuxin Formation in western Liaoning Province.The Dalazi flora from the Dalazi Formation of the Yanji basin of Jilin Province and the Quantou Formation of the Songliao basin,northeastern China,is characterized by the dominance of angiosperms and abundant scale-like or awl-shaped leaf conifers including Pseudofrenelopsis,Frenelopsis and Suturovagina of the Cheirolepidiacae and the form genera Brachyphyllum and Pagiophyllumm.The South China Phytogeographical Region belongs to Vakhrameev's Euro-Sinian Phytogeographical Region,with the dominance of Cycadopsida,scale-like or awl-shaped leaf conifers,small and thick pinnule ferns(mainly Cladophlebis),and the absence of Ginkgopsida,dicksoniaceous and monolete spore ferns.It represents tropical-subtropical floras,and can be divided into three sub-regions,namely the Eastern sub-region,the North Tibet sub-region and the Center sub-region.The Eastern sub-region,near the ancient Pacific Ocean,is typically represented by plants from Zhejiang and Fujian Provinces and the Laiyang basin of Shandong Province,where the scale-like or awl-shaped leaf conifers and Ptilophyllum of Bennettitales dominated,and schizaeaceous fern Ruffordia commonly occurs.The schizaeaceous fern Klukia and gleicheniaceous fern Gleichenites appear but are not very abundant in the flora.The Early Cretaceous flora of this sub-region can be divided into 3 or 4 assemblages,in ascending order,the Cupressinocladus-Pagiophyllum assemblage,Cladophlebis-Ptilophyllum assemblage,Ruffordia-Zamiophyllum assemblage and Suturovagina-Frenelopsis assemblage.The flora of the Tibet sub-region shares the main characteristics with the Eastern sub-region,but the ferns are more abundant,particularly rich in Klukia and Gleichenites,and with the occurrence of Scleropteris(a schizaeaceous fern) and some matoniaceaous ferns;gymnosperms are rich in Cycadopsida and relatively poor in Coniferopsida.The flora of the North Tibet sub-region could be further subdivided into two assemblages.The Center sub-region between the two sub-regions discussed above is characterized by poorly-developed floras in arid environments.The flora consists of a low diversity of species and low abundance of fossils,and is dominated by scaly or awl-shaped leaf conifers.The southern Tibet phytogeographical region,where fossils,including araucariaceous conifers and the seed fern Pachypteris specifica,have just been reported in the Himalaya area,belongs to the Austral Phytogeographical Region of Vakhrameev(1991).The Late Cretaceous floras hitherto have only been found from a few horizons of some localities scattered in Northeast China,South China and Tibet.It can not be divided into phytogeographical regions or into assemblages due to the lack of sufficient data.Principally based on plant fossils and the intergration of biostratigraphical and other chionostratigraphic data,the correlations of the Cretaceous plant fossil-bearing strata and the relevant strata in different phytogeographical regions of China have been established in the present paper.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".