Recent progress in microjoining and nanojoining
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Micro-joining and nano-joining have been identified as the key technologies in the construct fabrication such as micro-and nano-mechanical,electronic and medical devices and systems,and their recent progresses are briefly reviewed in this article.For electronic packaging applications,the developed lead-free solders and the two-step loading procedure accompanied with a superimposed ultrasound for copper-wire-bonding were expounded.Typical joining methods including resistance micro-welding,laser micro-welding and brazing for similar and dissimilar wires or pieces used for medical devices were discussed,as well as one-step diffusion bonding with pressing at high temperature for Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductive leads.Joining technologies were also introduced,including electron beam irradiating welding,strand wrapping bonding with Double-walled Carbon Nanotube Strands(DWNT) film and brazing,the welding technologies of metal nanoparticles realized through laser irradiation,and the novel process of low-temperature sintering bonding by using Ag,Cu,Ag-Cu and Ag2O micro/nano-particle pastes for electronic packaging applications.Based on the existing and new processes,the challenges and outlooks in micro-and nano-joining were pointed out.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".