Quantification of petroleum secondary migration distances: fundamentals and case histories
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The study of petroleum secondary migration (particularly the quantification of secondary migration distances) is one of the most critical but least understood facets in petroleum geology. During secondary migration, organic compounds containing functional groups selectively partition between the migrating oil phase and immobile solid link matrix through the formation of either hydrogen bond or other ionic bonds. Pyrrolic nitrogen compounds represent one of the mat promising candidates as molecular tracers for secondary migration distances. However, a constant relationship between pyrrolic nitrogen composition and absolute migration distance of an oil should not be expected. As organic source inputs and thermal maturation may potentially alter the nitrogen parameters, an independent cross-fraction and multi- parameter assessment of these factors should be done before these data are used to compare relative migration distances of different oils.Case histories from the Alberta and Williston basins in Canada, Bohai Bay and Tarim basins in China demonstrate that the proposed nitrogen migration tracers are generally applicable in different types of sedimentary and tectonic settings, but the validity of these parameters should always be verified by other geological- geochemical data.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".