Bibliographic record
Abstract
A recent issue of a publication for Canadian lawyers ran a series of interviews with leading lawyers as to what they considered to have been the most important event of the past decade in Canadian law. The general counsel of Merrill Lynch's Canadian affiliate, Merrill Lynch Royal Securities Limited, said that adoption by Ontario of The Commodity Futures Act, in his view, was that event. This did something to alleviate the sense of inferiority that I experienced after seeing the heading of this section of your programme: Of Cold Calls, Canadians and Collapses. Seriously, I feel our new legislation is a desirable innovation, although I cannot agree that it is the most important Canadian legal event of the decade. Certainly it has been long aborning. It had its genesis in the report of a committee established by the Ontario Government in 1975. Ontario has no commodity futures exchange, but the Committee concluded that Ontario residents who engaged in speculative transactions on exchanges in other jurisdictions required some protection. In 1978, the Ontario Legislature adopted The Commodity Futures Act to implement the committee's recommendations. That Act came into force on September 1, 1979. It is administered by the Ontario Securities Commission, referred to as the OSC. So far as we are aware, this new Act makes Ontario the first jurisdiction outside the United States to adopt a regulatory pattern of this type, although several other Canadian provinces are considering the adoption of legislation uniform with Ontario's. In determining the details of our rules, we have derived much help from the rules of the CFTC. Obviously, there are fundamental differences that precluded us from simply adopting those rules. Accordingly, in the preparation of the Act and of the regulations, we have had to make a number of pragmatic decisions to arrive at a regulatory pattern that, we believe, reconciles workability with adequate protection for Ontario speculators. In this effort, we have been grateful for the assistance and guidance of the CFTC and members of its staff. A number of commodity futures exchanges in the United States have also been prepared to cooperate in our work; representatives of the Chicago Board of Trade spoke with us and showed us the Board's facilities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.035 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".