The effects of the pore throat roughness on the water-oil flow in rock reservoirs
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
As one of the important factors to affect the oil-water flow,it is requisite to study the influence of the pore throat roughness on flow behaviors.In this paper the Lattice Boltzmann method is employed to model the water displacing oil in the flat and the rough pore throat models.The comparisons of the water saturation and water-oil relative permeability in different models show that: 1) both in the flat and the rough pore throat models,the roughness would retard the oil and water flow in the process of water displacing oil no matter the pore throat wall is water-wet or oil-wet;2) some oil are trapped in the grooves between the rough elements and the maximal displacing efficiency is under 100% in the case of water displacing oil;3)the displacing efficiency in the water-wet models is higher than that in the oil-wet pore throat models,and there are higher water saturation,water and oil relative permeability in the water-wet models;4)the roughness has a more apparent effects in water-wet models than in the oil-wet models;5)once the wall roughness reaches a level,it effects on flow behaviors are not increased with the growing roughness any more in the oil-wet pore throat models.
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Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
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