The Analysis of Subjective Well-being of the Elderly and Its Infl uential Factors in Jiangsu Province
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the current research, the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness was used to investigate the subjective well-being of the elderly in Jiangsu Province. 789 elders who live in the southern, central, and northern regions of Jiangsu Province were selected by random sampling. The results show that subjective happiness sense levels of the elderly are relatively high based on overall situation. The subjective well-being of the elderly is affected by age, marital status, residential type, number of children, and income. Regressive analysis fi nds that marital status and residential type are the two most important factors. Interestingly, the subjective well-being of the elderly in the southern Jiangsu region is significant lower than the central and northern Jiangsu regions. This finding is inconsistent with their economic power. The authors think that it is a happiness paradox. In the future, we should pay more attention on the young, widowed, and solitary elderly. Furthermore, relative income should be improved to overcome happiness paradox.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".