Meditations about the blackouts in USA and Canada and countermeasures adopted by Shanghai Electric Power
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The blackouts happening successively in USA, Canada and Italy in Aug. and Sept. of 2003 have been taken into consideration and analyzed together with the problem of the power supply safety of Shanghai and also the risks inherent in our work of gird planning, construction, dispatch, information safety and coordination management. Arrangements and countermeasures have been suggested to ensure the safety of the Shanghai Grid. It was also pointed out that after the reform of the electric power system Shanghai Electric Power Company as an enterprise should depend upon the government in the field of electric power planning, construction and operation management. The government should play an active and leading role in these fields. The grid construction must be treated as the major part of the city infrastructure construction and the respective responsibility entity should be identified in legal form. The grid structure should he improved incessantly by strengthening the local supporting power sources, controlling the electricity import ratio adequately, consolidating the unified dispatch of the power grid, improving the consumer side management and enhancing the riskresisting capability of the grid with great efforts. The emergency fault handling and control system should be introduced or established and at the same thne the enterprise information and date safety should be emphasized. Under the new situation the sense of responsibility as a power company will be strengthened and the company with the help of the relevant sectors will make great efforts to build a modern urban power grid, meeting the needs of an international metropolis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".