Chemokines stimulate human T lymphocyte transendothelial migration to utilize VLA-4 in addition to LFA-1
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lymphocyte infiltration in inflammation is induced by the dual actions of chemokines and cell adhesion molecules. The role of LFA-1 and VLA-4 in chemokine-induced T cell transendothelial migration (TEM) across cytokine-activated endothelium has not been examined. LFA-1, but not VLA-4, mediated blood T cell TEM to RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha), and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), and across tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) -stimulated endothelial cells (EC). Chemokine stimulation in combination with TNF-alpha activation of EC induced TEM, which was partially mediated by VLA-4. SDF-1 increased a beta1-integrin activation epitope on T cells and enhanced VLA-4-mediated adhesion. Thus, LFA-1 mediates TEM under most conditions, but VLA-4 can also mediate TEM, although, in contrast to LFA-1, this requires exogenous chemokines and EC activation. In addition, an LFA-1- and VLA-4-independent pathway of lymphocyte TEM can also be induced by SDF-1.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".