Freeform Lens Design with Arbitrary Illuminance Distribution in LED Road Lighting
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new freeform lens design method is proposed to realize arbitrary illuminance distribution in LED road lighting.The purpose is to achieve specific illuminance distribution in both longitudinal and transverse directions on the road surface for a single luminaire,so as to meet the demands of illuminance and luminance uniformity and surrounding ratio on the road surface.Grid divisions of energy both on the light source and the receiver are taken with the combination of variable separation mapping method and iterative minimum energy block method,so as to make sure the equal energy be received in corresponding cells of the source and the receiver.Freeform lens surface is constructed based on edge ray principle,Snell's law and error control.Meanwhile,considering the position and tilt angle of the luminaires,the lens is asymmetric in the transverse direction.Take it for example that the illuminance distribution in longitudinal direction on the road surface is cosine,while in transverse direction trapezoidal,a polycarbonate discontinuous freeform lens was designed according to this method.The simulated illumiance distribution in longitudinal direction on the road surface is similar to cosine,with the error less than 6%.The overall illuminance uniformity reaches 0.93,and the surrounding ratio is 0.55.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it