Bibliographic record
Abstract
According to the physical characteristics of PIN diode and the need of T/R co located HF ground wave radar, a T/R switch circuit was developed for the phased array of OSMAR2000 HF ground wave radar. The phased array is thus realized transmitting and receiving bi functional, and by doing so the array area occupation and investment on the radar is both considerably reduced. The wide band T/R switch operates under the control of double time duration and bi polar pulses, which lead to a simple, high efficient circuitry and well shaped waveform. The switch's stabilization and credibility has been observed in the radar's operation. Phased array antenna are widely applied in mid and long range HF ground wave radar (HFGWR) systems which are used to sense sea state remotely. To achieve high sensitivity and precision, array aperture normally reaches as large as several hundred or several thousand meters. For example, the Canadian HF GWR system located at Newfoundland has a 880 m phased receiving array containing 40 monopoles, and a 40 m high log periodical transmitting antenna. It is by far not easy to find a suitable seaside site for such kind system. Reducing array size is critical in the practical application of HFGWR. Co using the same antenna both as transmitting and receiving antenna is an effective means to reduce array size. The technique has been applied in the OSMAR2000 HFGWR system developped under the 818 01 02 key project in the national 863 plans. OSMAR2000 has realized real time surveillence of surface currents, waveheight and wind field out to 200 km. Gated pulses control the role shifting of an antenna between transmitting and receiving, where it is linked reliably to the transmitter and isolated from the receiver during transmitting period, then linked to the receiver and isolated from the transmitter during receiving period. The T/R switch is a key component in OSMAR2000.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".