On the Block and Overcome of China′s Extradition:The Case of Lai Chang-xing as an Example
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The modern extradition system is an important part of modern international criminal justice cooperation,which is characteristic with the union of justice and administration.By the cooperation of international extradition,the fled criminals are slapped down and the fairness and justice are upheld.Lai Chang-xing fled to Canada and stayed there over ten years and at last he was extradited to China and was tried according to Chinese law.Lai Chang-xing's repatriation illustrated such blocks of extradition or like that as the restriction from the lack of bilateral extradition treaty and the conflicts between the principle in Canada that the death penalty is forbidden extraditing and the justice practice in China that the death penalty is kept alive.In order to carry out the extradition smoothly in China,the bilateral extradition treaty should be concluded and China should properly deals with the principle that the death penalty is forbidden extraditing and should learn more about the justice system of other countries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.026 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.010 | 0.011 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".