Application of Capsule Endoscopy in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To assess the capsule endoscopy in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases, especially in the small intestine diseases.Methods 74 patients received examination by M2A capsule en- doscopy from February 2004 to February 2006.They were 53 patients had been checked by gastroscopy and colonoscopy,but the results were negative in 41 patients,and 12 patients left had chronic gastritis or gastric polypi or colonic polypi.In all 53 patients,30 of them were obscure gastrointestinal bleeding and 23 were abdominal pain or diarrhea.Results 23 of the 30 patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (76.67%) were diagnosed intestinal lesion.The diseases included intestinal Crohn's disease 5,angiodysplasia 6,intes- tinal mucosa erosion 11,intestine apophysis 5 in which 3 of them were intestinal tumor approved by surgical operations,Cronkhite-Canada syndrome 1 and intestinal diverticulum 1.In the 23 patients who suffered from abdominal pain or diarrhea,15 of 23 (65.22%) were diagnosed small intestine diseases by capsule endos- copy,including intestinal mueosa erosion 8,single or multiple little ulcers in the end of ileum 7,multipolypi in small intestine 5.Some of the patients had more than 2 kinds of lesions.In 21 healthy people,only 1 per- son had multipolypoid,2 of them had inflammation in the small intestines,8 of them had gastric diseases, and the other 10 persons were completely normal.In all suspected small intestinal disease patients,the diag- nostic positive rate was 71.69% (38/53) by M2A capsule endoscopy.The diagnostic positive rate of M2A capsule endoscopy in the patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding was slightly higher than that in the patients with abdominal pain,but the trend was not significant.In the patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding,the gastric empty time,intestinal transit time and the total time of the M2A stayed in alimentary tract were significantly shorter than that in control group.The images of M2A capsule endoscopy were clear, and nobody felt uncomfortable or had complications during the processes.All of the capsules were discharged successfully in one week.Conclusion M2A capsule endoscopy with its high diagnostic rates and salty may be a good method in the diagnosis of small intestinal diseases,especially in the patients with obscure gastro- intestinal bleeding.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".