Anomalous flexor digitorum superficialis muscle belly presenting as a mass within the palm
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Anomalies of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle are extremely uncommon and usually present as a painful mass or pseudotumour within the palm. Diagnosis may be difficult because many other soft tissue tumours (lipomas, ganglions, giant cell tumours and hamartomas) may present similarly. Magnetic resonance imaging helps to define the extent and characteristics of this anomalous muscle belly and to distinguish it from a soft tissue sarcoma, whereas plain radiographs are of little value. Three types of flexor digitorum superficialis muscle anomalies have been described, and treatment consists of subtotal or total surgical debulking of the mass if symptoms persist or if the diagnosis is in question. Most patients have complete resolution and full recovery. To date, 20 cases have been reported in the literature, usually involving the right small finger. In the present paper, the case of an anomalous flexor digitorum superficialis muscle in a 17-year-old male patient's left index finger is reported. Symptoms were relieved following surgical debulking and hand-based occupational therapy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".