Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter provides a historical overview of the situation of women in Mexico. In contrast with Canada and the United States, the two nations with whom it shares the continent of North America, Mexico has only recently qualified as a “formal” democracy, characterized by competitive elections and peaceful transition of power from one elected political party to another. Only in the year 2000 did free and fair elections transfer power into the hands of a president elected from a party other than the Partido Revolucionario Institutional (PRI), the party that has dominated Mexican politics since the Mexican revolution in the early twentieth century. Consequently, Mexican women’s struggles for political, economic, and social rights have taken place in a very different context from those of the other two North American countries. Mexican women’s political activism is part of the broader, ongoing struggle for democratization of the country. Because Mexico’s economy is less developed than that of its neighbors to the north, and because levels of poverty are far higher in Mexico, globalization has very different effects on Mexican women. This chapter explores the changing roles of women in Mexico since the sixteenth century, illuminating their many contributions to Mexican history, economy, culture, society, and politics, contributions that remain largely invisible in standard accounts of Mexican history. It also explores women’s contemporary activism to promote public policies that reconcile the competing demands of work and family life, while fostering Mexico’s sustainable development. For a brief overview of Mexico, see table 2.1.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".