Photothermal Electrical Resonance Spectroscopy of Physisorbed Molecules on a Nanowire Resonator
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mid-infrared (IR) photothermal spectroscopy of adsorbed molecules is an ideal technique for molecular recognition in miniature sensors with very small thermal mass. Here, we report on combining the photothermal spectroscopy with electrical resonance of a semiconductor nanowire for enhanced sensitivity, selectivity, and simplified readout. Wide band gap semiconductor bismuth ferrite nanowire, by virtue of its very low thermal mass and abundance of surface states in the band gap, facilitates thermally induced charge carrier trapping in the surface states, which affects its electrical resonance response. Electrical resonance response of the nanowire varies significantly depending on the photothermal spectrum of the adsorbed molecules. We demonstrate highly selective detection of mid-IR photothermal spectral signatures of femtogram level molecules physisorbed on a nanowire by monitoring internal dissipation response at its electrical resonance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".