Understanding Impacts of Lean Zones on Thermal Recovery in View of Mobile Water
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Lean zones have been reported in Nexen's Long Lake project and Suncor's Firebag project in Canada. With high steam-oil ratio and low oil recovery caused by lean zones, developing a heterogeneous oil sand reservoir is a considerable challenge. To study the mechanism of how lean zones affect thermal recovery performance, the role of the huge volume of mobile water cannot be neglected. In this paper, we propose a new mass transfer model for the thermal recovery process in oil sands with mobile water. Further discussions based on the model showed the following conclusions: (1) Reservoir regions during thermal recovery are divided into four regions based on initial water saturation. An increase in the initial water saturation may cause the oil bank to disappear. (2) The initial mobile water saturation significantly reduces the width of the two-phase flow region once it is larger than the frontal water saturation of this region. (3) High water saturation leads to a long breakthrough time in a hot driving region and low oil recovery. (4) Large connate water saturation and porosity and small heated oil viscosity benefit the oil recovery before the breakthrough of the steam chamber.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".