Use of Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis for Particle Size Determination of Dispersed Catalyst in Bitumen and Heavy Oil Fractions
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The use of nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) for size determination of nanocatalysts dispersed in bitumen or heavy oil fractions was investigated. A method for sample preparation is proposed, and comments on adaptation of the technique and troubleshooting are addressed and discussed. The NTA was able to measure the particle size of a trimetallic catalyst dispersed in bitumen obtaining a mode size of 111 nm, with particles ranging from 40 to 1000 nm and 80% of them between 57 and 176 nm. NTA data was compared to the particle size obtained by depositing the same catalyst on sand and analyzing it through SEM-EDX, obtaining the same particle size range. Refinement of the sample preparation method and measuring parameters are suggested.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it