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Record W2402282633

Energy drinks; a public health hazard for adolescents.

2015· letter· en· W2402282633 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
Sher Afgan, Abdül Waheed

Bibliographic record

VenuePubMed · 2015
Typeletter
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicCoffee research and impacts
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMedicineIrritabilityCaffeineTheanineAnxietyPhysiologyInternal medicineCardiologyPsychiatryFood science
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Madam, Caffeine is widely consumed as part of many all over the world. The Food and Drug Administration of USA started to doubt the safety of caffeinated first in 2010. Four Loko which was the first drink that combined caffeine with alcohol and received opposition.1 In 2013 Health Canada limited quantity content of caffeine to 180mg per regular serving bottle. As compared to other like tea, coffee and soft drinks, caffeine content contained by energy drinks exceeds this limit which is associated with more adverse effects.2,3 The common one of these being electrolyte imbalances such as hypokalaemia leading to arrhythmias and endothelial cell dysfunction which impairs coronary blood flow during exercise hence leading to ischaemia and cardiac arrest.2 Energy have also been shown to alter neural functions mediated by acetylcholine. Neurological effects include increased attention, agility and anxiety on acute use but withdrawal after chronic use causes inattention, irritability and depression.3 Coadministration of ingredients like Taurine and Ginseng which are found in can cause stomach upset and bowel irritability.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Commentary · Consensus signal: Commentary
Teacher disagreement score0.252
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.143
GPT teacher head0.323
Teacher spread0.180 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreCommentary

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations3
Published2015
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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