Identification and molecular characterization of five novel kallikrein gene 13 (KLK13; KLK-L4) splice variants: differential expression in the human testis and testicular cancer.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The kallikrein gene family is comprised of genes that have either established or potential applications in prostate and breast cancer diagnostics. New members of the human kallikrein gene family have been recently identified. By using the positional candidate gene approach, we were able to clone a novel human serine protease gene that maps to chromosome 19q13.3-q13.4, the location of the kallikrein gene family. We named this gene KLK-L4 (now also known as KLK13). Here, we describe the identification of five new KLK-L4 splice variants which are not expressed in any other tissue except the human testis. We have further established that these splice variants can be detected in normal testis but not in the adjacent matched testicular tumors. In addition, differential expression of the KLK-L4 gene was found in various histological types of testicular cancer. Our results suggest that the KLK-L4 gene is expressed in normal and cancerous testicular tissue; however, its five variants are all expressed in normal tissue but not in testicular tumors. The physiological relevance of these variants and the implications of their differential expression between cancerous and normal tissues are currently unknown.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".