Prospective Cross-Sectional Study of the Prevalence of Incidental Pancreatic Cysts During Routine Outpatient Endoscopic Ultrasound
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Incidental pancreatic cysts are often detected during abdominal imaging and require follow-up since some have malignant potential. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is highly sensitive for pancreatic diseases, yet the prevalence of incidental pancreatic cysts discovered with EUS is unknown. The objective of the study was to determine its prevalence by EUS. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Patients undergoing EUS for nonpancreatic indications and without known pancreatic abnormality were recruited to assess the prevalence of pancreatic cysts and its characteristics. Risk factors were determined by logistic regression. RESULTS: We enrolled 341 patients (mean age, 59 years; 187 females) and found 46 incidental pancreatic cysts (median [range], 5 [2-80] mm) in 32 patients (9.4%). Branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm was the most common finding. Seven cysts were larger than 1 cm and 1 adenocarcinoma was discovered. Multivariate logistic regression showed an association between pancreatic cysts and older age (odds ratio, 1.04 per year; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.08) and female sex (odds ratio, 3.08; 95% confidence interval, 1.25-7.45). CONCLUSIONS: In our population, the prevalence of incidental pancreatic cyst discovered on EUS was 9.4% and the majority were less than 1 cm. Increasing age and female sex were associated with the development of pancreatic cysts.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it