[Cytological observation and DNA methylation analysis of two new cytoplasmic male sterile lines of maize during microsporogenesis].
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a widespread phenomenon in higher plants and has been applied in the commercial production of hybrid seeds. Two CMS lines A1 and A2 of maize were obtained previously by a transgenic experiment. In this study, we conducted cytological observation of developmental microspores with CMS line A1, A2 and their maintainer line (18 red) using paraffin section technology. We also analyzed DNA methylation levels at different developmental stages using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Our results showed that the pollen abortion of A1 and A2 mainly happened from the tetrad stage to the middle of mononuclear stage. Another abortive phenomenon found in CMS line A2 occurred at the pollen mother cell stage. The DNA methylation level of leaf increased rapidly from the seedling stage to the shooting stage in 18 red, while it remained constant in A1 and A2. For the tassel, the DNA methylation levels in 18 red increased gradually during the anther development, while a peak of DNA methylation level occurred in A1 and A2 at the tetrad stage, corresponding to the abortion period of microspore. This result suggested that the level of DNA methylation in the tassels is associated with the pollen abortion characteristics in CMS lines. In summary, our results implied a connection between pollen abortion and epigenetic regulation in maize CMS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".