Induced sputum markers of fibrosis and decline in pulmonary function in asbestosis and silicosis: a pilot study.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of fibrogenic cytokines and mediators in the analysis of induced sputum and determine if their levels correlated with previous decline in lung function in asbestosis and silicosis. DESIGN: In a pilot study for the evaluation of 19 workers with asbestosis and 15 with silicosis, all workers had chart reviews and records of previous lung function tests. Fourteen healthy control subjects were also included in the study. All subjects attended the laboratory for a clinical evaluation, pulmonary function tests and induced sputum sampling. Differential cell counts were performed and the following mediators and cytokines were measured: matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1), fibronectin, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). RESULTS: Levels of IL-1beta were higher in the sputum of subjects with asbestosis and silicosis than in controls. Eosinophils, neutrophils and IL-1beta levels were significantly correlated with the rate of decline in pulmonary function. CONCLUSION: The induced sputum levels of certain inflammatory cells and IL-1beta correlate with the decline in pulmonary function associated with asbestosis and silicosis. It remains to be established if these markers can help predict the clinical outcome of workers exposed to these mineral particles or fibers in a prospective study.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".