Phylogeographic analysis of complete mtDNA genomes from Walleye Pollock (<i>Gadus chalcogrammus</i>Pallas, 1811) shows an ancient origin of genetic biodiversity
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ursvik et al. compared the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome sequences of Walleye Pollock (Gadus ( = Theragra) chalcogrammus) from the Pacific Ocean with a pair of fish from an isolated population of Norwegian pollock in the Barents Sea. They concluded that the Norwegian population was recently introduced from the Pacific. We test this hypothesis within a temporal framework provided by a phylogeographic analysis of complete genomes from the pollocks' sister species, Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua), and their divergence 3.5 mya. Pollock have a coalescent ancestor 189 +/- 25 kya. The two Norwegian fish have a common ancestor 87 +/- 7 kya, which suggests an ancient origin rather than a recent human-mediated introduction. Mitochondrial genomic biodiversity in pollock antedates the most recent glacial cycle. The clade structure of the whole-genome tree indicates that previously described single-locus mtDNA haplotypes and haplogroups are typically paraphyletic.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it