Class-C PA-VCO Cell for FSK and GFSK Transmitters
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, a Class-C PA-VCO cell tailored to FSK/GFSK transmitters is presented. In the proposed solution, a Class-C VCO and a common-gate stage PA are stacked in a current-reuse architecture operating with 1.2 V power supply. The PA and the VCO efficiencies are maximized by adjusting their voltage headroom without the use of any DC-DC converters. The PA-VCO is inserted in a transmitter based on an open-loop architecture. The presented prototype, fabricated in 0.13 μm CMOS technology, occupies an active area of 0.2 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . A maximum TX efficiency of 17.5% is achieved while the TX is delivering an output power of -1 dBm at 2.45 GHz. A phase noise of -129 dBc/Hz at 2.5 MHz frequency offset results in a carrier-frequency drift below 7 Hz/s and an FSK error below 0.7%, which allows the transmitter to operate in open-loop while delivering long data-packets. The transmitter is also compliant to BLE specifications when FSK and GFSK modulations with index of 0.5 are applied.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it