Vascular injury, vascular healing, hypertension and the renin system Wednesday, may 17, broadway ballroom north, 12:30 pm to 2:30 pm. targeting blood pressure goals and end-organ protection: advances in ras blockade
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Alterations in structure and function of blood vessels that occur in hypertensive patients and in experimental hypertensive models may contribute to blood pressure elevation and to the complications of hypertension. Angiotensin II may influence the vasculature in hypertension through its effects on the atherogenic process and on hypertensive vascular disease per se. The actions of angiotensin II on inflammation, smooth muscle cell growth (hypertrophy or hyperplasia) and collagen deposition in blood vessels participate in mechanisms of atherogenesis and hypertensive vascular damage, and are mediated via AT1 receptors, whereas AT2 receptors appear to inhibit growth and stimulate programmed cell death or apoptosis. There is increasing evidence that angiotensin II plays a pivotal role in remodeling of both large and small arteries in experimental and human hypertension. Interruption of the renin-angiotensin system thus appears an interesting approach for the treatment of hypertension in order to correct vascular abnormalities that may contribute to cardiovascular events in hypertension. Treatment of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and AT1 angiotensin receptor antagonists results in regression of the altered structure of blood vessels in different vascular beds. Endothelium-dependent relaxation is also improved. Studies in hypertensive patients have now shown that treatment with some ACE inhibitors and more recently AT1 antagonists may induce similar potentially beneficial effects, particularly at the level of small arteries: both structure and endothelium-dependent relaxation are significantly improved. In contrast, treatment with the beta blocker atenolol does not result in any improvement in vascular structure or endothelial function in hypertensive patients with equally well-controlled blood pressure in different studies. It still remains to be determined whether the apparently beneficial vascular effects of blockade of the renin-angiotensin system with ACEI or with AT1 receptor antagonists and their vascular protective properties, beyond blood pressure lowering itself, will result in reduced morbidity and mortality and improved outcomes in hypertensive patients.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.359 | 0.089 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".