A Lagrangian-Based Branch-and-Bound Algorithm for the Two-Level Uncapacitated Facility Location Problem with Single-Assignment Constraints
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We consider the two-level uncapacitated facility location problem with single-assignment constraints (TUFLP-S), a problem that arises in industrial applications in freight transportation and telecommunications. We present a new Lagrangian relaxation approach for the TUFLP-S, based on solving a single-level uncapacitated facility location problem (UFLP) as the Lagrangian subproblem. We also develop a Lagrangian heuristic that includes a mixed-integer programming–based large neighborhood search heuristic exploring neighborhoods by solving a series of small UFLPs. The dual and primal bounds thus obtained are used within an enumerative algorithm that implements specialized branching rules. Our computational experiments on instances derived from an industrial application in freight transportation as well as on large, hard, artificial instances confirm the efficiency of our specialized branch-and-bound algorithm.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it