Modernity and the Dilemma of North America Anglican Identities, 1880-1950
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Modernity and the Dilemma of North American Anglican Identities, 1880-1950. By William H. Katerberg. McGill-Queen's Studies in the History of Religion. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2001. xii + 306 pp. $49.95 (cloth). In this study of the development and evolution of Anglican identities in North America, William Katerberg examines the lives of a select group of clergymen, analyzing how they came to terms with modernity and how their particular interpretations of the past shaped their piety and theological ideas. Katerberg argues that modernity presented a profound crisis of identity for the leadership of the Anglican Church of Canada and the Episcopal Church in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. No longer able to rely on a religious establishment to sustain their churches, Canadian Anglicans and Episcopalians appealed to the past in an effort to find intellectual and spiritual support for their denominational tradition. Divided into competing evangelical, high church, and liberal parties, North American Anglicans took their history seriously and in partisan fashion (p. 10). Indeed, each faction in the tripartite churchmanship struggle believed it could discover within certain events and historical memories justification for its own unique understanding of the essence of Anglicanism. In the spirit of E. Clowes Chorley's classic Men and Movements in the American Episcopal Church (New York: Scribner's, 1946), Katerberg devotes the most original portion of his book to an analysis of the life and thought of five important (though by no means well-known) figures in North American Anglican history: Dyson Hague (1857-1935), a conservative evangelical and contributor to the early, scholarly phase of American fundamentalism; W H. Griffith Thomas (1861-1924), a conservative evangelical strongly influenced by the holiness teachings of the Keswick-Victorious Life movement; William T. Manning (1866-1949), a high church advocate both of the social gospel and of reunion with Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy; Carl Eckhardt Grammer (1858-1944), a liberal evangelical who tried to steer a moderate course between the extremes of Anglo-Catholicism, fundamentalism, and modernism; and Henry John Cody (1868-1951), a liberal evangelical who, in pursuit of the Anglican ideal of inclusiveness, promoted ecumenism but also identified his religious views with some questionable social and political positions. …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".