Canadian Psychiatry across 5 Decades: From Clinical Inference to Evidence-Based Practice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the evolution of the epistemological basis of Canadian psychiatry over the last 50 years. METHOD: A comparison of the content of The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry in its early years, then known as the Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal, with publications from recent years, shedding light on broader trends in psychiatric theory and practice. RESULTS: A dramatic change has occurred in Journal content, from clinical inference to an evidence-based approach, reflecting stronger biological orientations, as well as empirical psychosocial research. CONCLUSIONS: Epistemological changes in psychiatry are a positive development. The future should bring an even stronger neuroscience base as well as an evidence-based approach to psychotherapy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.054 | 0.134 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.011 | 0.016 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.018 | 0.030 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.016 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".