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Record W2417905097

The thymus and the acute phase response.

2001· article· en· W2417905097 on OpenAlex
S.M. Mansour Haeryfar, István Berczi

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenuePubMed · 2001
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicAdrenal Hormones and Disorders
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Manitoba
Fundersnot available
KeywordsImmune systemEndocrine systemHormoneStimulationEndocrinologyInternal medicineImmunityBiologyAcquired immune systemImmunologyMedicine
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ with both endocrine and immune functions. There is a large body of evidence indicating the existence of a complex neuroendocrine control of the thymus physiology. This is supported by the historic observation that the thymus becomes involuted during the response to stress. The thymus is dramatically affected by the acute phase response (APR), a systemic reaction to tissue injury and/or infection accompanied by profound neuroendocrine and metabolic changes. The APR comprises alterations in behavior, body temperature, and production and release of cytokines, particularly interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and TNFalpha, and glucocorticoids (GCs) and is characterized by suddenly increased production of so-called acute phase proteins (APPs). The stimulation of APR activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, resulting in the suppression of specific immunity, which might serve to protect the organism from adverse immune reactions; the immunostimulatory hormones (e.g., PRL, GH, IGF-1) are suppressed, whereas the production of APPs in the liver is stimulated by IL-6, catecholamines and GCs. The most striking effect of the latter on the immune system is the induction of apoptosis in the thymus. In concert with GCs, elevated levels of catecholamines also selectively suppress immune response mechanisms. APR may be regarded as an emergency response that represents a switch of the host defense from the adaptive immune response which is slow to develop and is commanded by the thymus and T-lymphocytes to a less specific, but more rapid and intense reaction. Here we discuss the immunoregulatory changes during the APR with a special emphasis on the role of thymus in this process.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Other design · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.963
Threshold uncertainty score0.134

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.015
GPT teacher head0.266
Teacher spread0.250 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it