Sources and Genetics of Spot Blotch Resistance to a New Pathotype of <i>Cochliobolus sativus</i> in the USDA National Small Grains Collection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Spot blotch, caused by Cochliobolus sativus, is one of the important barley diseases in the northern Great Plains of the United States and the Prairie Provinces of Canada. The disease has been under control for almost five decades due to the use of durable spot blotch resistance derived from the barley line ND B112. However, the emergence of isolate ND4008 with virulence on ND B112 prompted us to identify new sources of resistance to this new pathotype. In this study, we screened 2,062 barley accessions from the United States Department of Agriculture National Small Grains Collection for spot blotch resistance, and identified 40 barley accessions exhibiting a high level of resistance to isolate ND4008 at the seedling stage. In all, 24 of the barley accessions with seedling resistance also exhibited moderate to high adult plant resistance to ND4008 in greenhouse tests. Seven of the ND4008-resistant barley accessions showed seedling resistance to two other pathotypes (1 and 2) of the pathogen. Genetic study of resistant barley accessions PI 235186, PI 592275, and PI 643242 indicated that a single major dominant gene controls spot blotch resistance to ND4008 in each of these three accessions. These resistant sources are useful for developing barley cultivars with spot blotch resistance to all pathotypes of C. sativus.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".