Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article explores international hockey among the United States, Canada, the Soviet Union, and Czechoslovakia between 1947 and 1980. The nature of this hockey competition, shared U.S.-Canadian antipathy to the Soviets, and Czechoslovakian hostility to the Soviets after 1968 illuminated both the apparent strengths of Communist regimes and the latent strengths of Western democracies and provided important clues to the eventual outcome of the Cold War. In this context the article examines such events as the never-acknowledged plane crash that devastated the leading Soviet hockey club in 1950, the 1957 and 1962 world tournament boycotts brought on by the Hungarian invasion and the Berlin Wall, the bitterness of the SovietCzechoslovakian games after 1968, the 1972 “Summit Series” pitting Canadian professionals against the Soviet national team, other detente-era contests matching Soviet and North American teams, and popular American response to the 1980 Olympics at Lake Placid.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".