A rare case of unilateral variations of forearm arteries: anatomy, embryology and clinical implications.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study documents the existence and topographic anatomy of a rare case of variant forearm arteries found in the left upper limb of a 68-year-old male cadaver. The arteries of the arm followed typical courses, but both the radial and ulnar arteries in the forearm followed a superficial course. The common interosseous artery and recurrent ulnar arteries branched from the radial, not the ulnar, artery. The radial artery was larger than the ulnar artery and was the major source of blood supply to the forearm. Clinical implications for single superficial forearm arteries are reviewed. A person with both superficial radial and superficial ulnar arteries would be at a substantially increased risk of injury or iatrogenic effects that could compromise blood supply to the hand. This study will enhance clinician's awareness of potential arterial variations, so they can provide adequate assessment, diagnosis and treatment of upper limb lesions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".