Developmental neurotoxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers mixture de71 in Sprague-Dawley rats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) are a class of brominated flame retardants that are recognized as global environmental contaminants and a potential adverse health risk. The objective of this study was to evaluate the developmental impacts on rat Sprague-Dawley (SD) pups at postnatal day (PND) 11, 21, 50, 105, and 250 after perinatal exposure to a DE71 mixture. These PNDs corresponded to juveniles, young, and mature adults, respectively. The analysis included histopathological, transcriptional evaluation, and Western blots in both hippocampus and midbrain. There were no marked histopathological changes, but significant transcriptional alterations were observed at PND 21 and 250 in midbrain. These changes occurred in a number of the markers of the cholinergic system, including acetylcholinesterase, muscarinic and nicotinic receptors, and structural gene,s including those of neurofilaments, cell adhesion molecules including N-cadherin and CAMKII, and cytokines. The markers were upregulated at least twofold or greater at PND 21. These biomarkers were predominantly altered in males at low dose (0.3 mg/kg), whereas females were affected only at high concentration (30 mg/kg). At PND 250 both males and females showed downregulation of markers in both intermediate- and high-dose groups. Our results support the findings that in utero and lactational exposure to DE71 mixture leads to transcriptional alterations in midbrain of adult SD rats.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".