Spectral-Efficient Quadrature Spatial Modulation Cooperative Amplify and Forward Spectrum-Sharing Systems
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Quadrature spatial modulation (QSM) is a recent multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) digital transmission paradigm. Combining QSM with cooperative relaying in spectrum-sharing systems improves the overall spectral efficiency and enhances the communication reliability. In this paper, we study the performance of QSM-MIMO amplify-and-forward (AF) cooperative relaying spectrum-sharing systems, in which a multiantenna secondary source communicates with a secondary receiver with the help of a secondary AF relay in the presence of multiple primary receivers. In particular, a closed-form expression for the average pairwise error probability (PEP) of the secondary system is derived and used to obtain a tight upper bound of the average bit error probability (ABEP) over Rayleigh fading channels. In addition, a simple asymptotic, yet accurate, expression is derived and analyzed to show the effect of key parameters. Simulation results are presented to validate numerical analysis. Results reveal that QSM with cooperative relaying improves the spectrum-sharing systems' performance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".