Association of Clinical Features with Objective Physical Activity Levels in Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Physical activity (PA) is recommended as the first-line treatment for conservative management of knee osteoarthritis (OA), but low PA has been reported for this clinical population. Age, gender, body size, disease and symptom severity are thought to influence PA. The purpose of this study was to determine if these clinically relevant factors were associated with objective PA measures in those with knee OA. METHODS: 68 individuals with physician-diagnosed moderate (conservatively managed) medial compartment knee OA participated in this study. Body-Mass Index (BMI) was measured. Standard anterior-posterior radiographs were graded using the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) scale. Self-reported pain, stiffness, and function were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Participants wore a triaxial accelerometer for 7 days. Data were averaged over at least 4 days of >10 hours of valid wear and categorized into sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous PA. Step counts and moderate-vigorous activity (MVPA) that occurred in bouts of 10-minutes or more were calculated. Pearson’s correlations determined associations between age, BMI, and WOMAC scores with PA outcomes. Two-sample t-tests examined gender differences and one-way ANOVA examined differences among radiographic severities (KL2-4) (α = 0.05). RESULTS: The Moderate OA group averaged 6555 (2481) steps/day, 8.0 (12.0) minutes/day of bouted-MVPA, and 23.4 (16.6) minutes/day of unbouted-MVPA. Age had a significant negative correlation with unbouted-moderate (r=-0.28) and unbouted-MVPA (r=-0.29) (p<0.05). WOMAC-overall and WOMAC-function scores had a significant negative correlation with step counts (r=-0.23, -0.26) (p0.05). CONCLUSION: Worse subjective knee function and age were associated with lower PA measures, but there were no associations between PA and other clinically relevant factors. Thus future research will need to identify what factors are predictive of changes in PA over time in this clinical population. In conclusion, these findings suggest gender, body size, disease and symptom severity are not associated with low physical activity in individuals with moderate knee OA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".