Assessment of the WP4-T Device for Measuring Total Suction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Soil-water characteristic curves (SWCCs) play a key role in the determination of unsaturated soil property functions for use with predictive numerical models. Most studies on the soil-water characteristic curve have been limited to the desorption branch in the low suction range (i.e., less than 1500 kPa). There is limited measured data on desorption and adsorption branches (i.e., hysteresis effects) in the high suction range. The dew-point Water PotentiaMeter (i.e., WP4-T) is a device that has been introduced into the commercial market for measuring total suction in the high suction range. The WP4-T device can reduce the time and costs associated with suction measurements in the high suction range. The performance of the WP4-T was evaluated using experimental data measured on Regina clay and Botkin silt soils. Measurements of total suction using the WP4-T device were compared with vacuum desiccator results using a range of saturated salt solutions. The results showed that the WP4-T device provides excellent results in the high suction range branches of the SWCC.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".