Solution-processed tBu<sub>4</sub>-ZnPc:C<sub>61</sub> bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic photovoltaic cell employing tetra- tert -butyl zinc phthalocyanine as electron donor and [6,6]-phenyl C 61 -buturic acid methyl ester as electron acceptor has been fabricated. The effect of TiO x cathode interlayer, the weight ratio of donor:acceptor in the photoactive layer, and the thermal annealing of photoactive layer on the performance of the cells were investigated. The results show that the insertion of TiO x layer leads to an increase in the photocurrent density of the cells by 11 times compared to those without cathode interlayer. Atomic force microscopy images reveal the formation of well-connected percolated pathways for each phase separated component (donor and acceptor) upon annealing of the film at 150 °C. An important aspect of the present BHJ photovoltaic cell is that it has been obtained by simple wet processes, and most of the fabrication steps have been carried out in ambient air without the use of a glove box.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".