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The quiescent intracluster medium in the core of the Perseus cluster
F. Aharonian, Hiroki Akamatsu, Fumie Akimoto, S. W. Allen, Naohisa Anabuki, L. Angelini, Keith A. Arnaud, M. Audard, Hisamitsu Awaki, M. Axelsson, Aya Bamba, Marshall W. Bautz, R. D. Blandford, Laura Brenneman, G. V. Brown, Esra Bülbül, Edward Cackett, M. Chernyakova, Meng P. Chiao, Paolo De Coppi, J. de Plaa, Jan-Willem den Herder, Chris Done, Tadayasu Dotani, Ken Ebisawa, Megan E. Eckart, Teruaki Enoto, Yuichiro Ezoe, A. C. Fabian, C. Ferrigno, Adam Foster, Ryuichi Fujimoto, Yasushi Fukazawa, Akihiro Furuzawa, M. Galeazzi, Luigi Gallo, Poshak Gandhi, M. Giustini, A. Goldwurm, Liyi Gu, M. Guainazzi, Yoshito Haba, Kouichi Hagino, Kenji Hamaguchi, I. Harrus, Isamu Hatsukade, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Takayuki Hayashi, Kiyoshi Hayashida, Junko S. Hiraga, A. E. Hornschemeier, Akio Hoshino, John P. Hughes, Ryo Iizuka, Hajime Inoue, Yoshiyuki Inoue, Kazunori Ishibashi, M. Ishida, Kumi Ishikawa, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Masayuki Itoh, Naoko Iyomoto, J. S. Kaastra, T. R. Kallman, T. Kamae, Erin Kara, J. Kataoka, Satoru Katsuda, J. Katsuta, Madoka Kawaharada, N. Kawai, Richard L. Kelley, Dmitry Khangulyan, Caroline A. Kilbourne, Ashley L. King, Takao Kitaguchi, Shunji Kitamoto, Tetsu Kitayama, Takayoshi Kohmura, M. Kokubun, Shu Koyama, Katsuji Koyama, P. Kretschmar, H. Krimm, Aya Kubota, Hideyo Kunieda, Philippe Laurent, F. Lebrun, S.-H. Lee, Maurice A. Leutenegger, Olivier Limousin, Michael Loewenstein, Knox S. Long, David H. Lumb, G. Madejski, Yoshitomo Maeda, Daniel Maier, Kazuo Makishima, Maxim Markevitch, Hironori Matsumoto, Kyoko Matsushita, D. McCammon, B. R. McNamara, M. Mehdipour, Eric D. Miller, J. M. Mïller, Shin Mineshige, Kazuhisa Mitsuda, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Takuya Miyazawa, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Hideyuki Mori, Koji Mori, H. Moseley, K. Mukai, Hiroshi Murakami, Toshio Murakami, R. F. Mushotzky, Ryo Nagino, Takao Nakagawa, Hiroshi Nakajima, Takeshi Nakamori, Toshio Nakano, Shinya Nakashima, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Masayoshi Nobukawa, Hirofumi Noda, Masaharu Nomachi, Hirokazu Odaka, Takaya Ohashi, M. Ohno, Takashi Okajima, Naomi Ota, Masanobu Ozaki, F. Paerels, S. Paltani, A. N. Parmar, Robert Petre, C. Pinto, M. Pohl, F. S. Porter, K. Pottschmidt, Brian D. Ramsey, C. S. Reynolds, H. R. Russell, Samar Safí-Harb, Shinya Saito, Kazuhiro Sakai, Hiroaki Sameshima, Goro Sato, Kosuke Sato, Rie Sato, Makoto Sawada, N. Schartel, P. J. Serlemitsos, Hiromi Seta, M. Shidatsu, A. Simionescu, Randall K. Smith, Yang Soong, Ł. Stawarz, Y. Sugawara, Satoshi Sugita, Andrew E. Szymkowiak, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, Tadayuki Takahashi, Shin’ichiro Takeda, Yoh Takei, Toru Tamagawa, Keisuke Tamura, Takayuki Tamura, Takaaki Tanaka, Yasuo Tanaka, Yasuyuki Tanaka, M. Tashiro, Yuzuru Tawara, Y. Terada, Yuichi Terashima, Francesco Tombesi, Hiroshi Tomida, Yohko Tsuboi, Masahiro Tsujimoto, H. Tsunemi, Takeshi Go Tsuru, Hiroyuki Uchida, Hideki Uchiyama, Y. Uchiyama, Shutaro Ueda, Yoshihiro Ueda, Shiro Ueno, Shiníchiro Uno, C. M. Urry, Eugenio Ursino, Cor de Vries, Shin Watanabe, Norbert Werner, Daniel R. Wik, Dan Wilkins, Brian J. Williams, Hiroya Yamaguchi, K. Yamaoka, Noriko Y. Yamasaki, M. Yamauchi, Shigeo Yamauchi, Tahir Yaqoob, Yoichi Yatsu, Daisuke Yonetoku, A. Yoshida, Takayuki Yuasa, Irina Zhuravleva, Abderahmen Zoghbi
Bibliographic record
VenueNature · 2016
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicGalaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
Canadian institutionsUniversity of ManitobaUniversity of WaterlooSaint Mary's University
FundersSLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryBasic Energy SciencesJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceStrongScience and Technology Facilities CouncilCanadian Space AgencyScience Mission DirectorateNederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekOffice of ScienceNational Aeronautics and Space AdministrationCentre National d’Etudes SpatialesMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and TechnologyEuropean Space AgencyJapan Aerospace Exploration AgencyU.S. Department of Energy
KeywordsPhysicsIntracluster mediumAstrophysicsActive galactic nucleusGalaxy clusterAstronomyGalaxySupermassive black holeVelocity dispersionCooling flowHydrostatic equilibriumRadiative coolingCluster (spacecraft)
Abstract
No abstract in any covered source. Its absence is recorded, not treated as a negative.
No abstract. This is not a gap in this database; OpenAlex has none either. 23.3% of the frame is in this state, and the screen finds HALF as much metaresearch here, so the absence is a measured bias rather than a missing field.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.011
Threshold uncertainty score0.022
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.005
GPT teacher head0.218
Teacher spread0.213 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations489
Published2016
Admission routes2
Has abstractno