Implementation and comparison of kernel-based learning methods to predict metabolic networks
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Metabolic pathways can be conceptualized as the biological equivalent of a data pipeline. In living cells, series of chemical reactions are carried out by different proteins called enzymes in a stepwise manner. However, many pathways remain incompletely characterized, and in some of them, not all enzyme components have been identified. Kernel methods are useful in many difficult problem areas, such as document classification and bioinformatics. Specifically, kernel methods have been used recently to predict biological networks, such as protein-protein interaction networks and metabolic networks. In this paper, we implement and compare different methods and types of data to predict metabolic networks. The methods are Penalized Kernel Matrix Regression (PKMR) and pairwise Support Vector Machine (pSVM). We develop several experiments using these methods with sequence, non-sequence, and combined data. We obtain better accuracy when the sequence data are used in both methods. Whereas when the methods are compared using the same type of data, the pSVM approach shows better accuracy. The best results are obtained with pSVM using all combined kernels.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it