Acute Exercise Improves Indices Of High Fat Diet-Induced Brain Inflammation And Neurodegeneration
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes are significant risk factors in the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A variety of cellular mechanisms, such as altered AKT, AMPK, and increased inflammatory signaling contribute to neurodegeneration. Exercise has beneficial effects on cognition and can improve markers of neurodegeneration but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of a single bout of exercise on markers of neurodegeneration and inflammation in brains from mice fed a high fat diet. METHODS: Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a low (LFD, 10% kcals from lard) or a high fat diet (HFD, 60% kcals from lard) for 7 weeks. HFD mice then underwent an acute bout of exercise (treadmill running: 15 m/min, 5% incline, 120 min) followed by a recovery period of 2. Results: The HFD resulted in increased body mass (LFD 30.0±0.81 vs HFD 43.1±1.18 g; p<0.05) and glucose intolerance (AUC LFD 958.7±45.6 vs HFD 1806±119.4; p<0.05). This was accompanied by an ∼2 fold increase in the activation of AKT, ERK, and GSK in the cerebral cortex (p<0.05). Following exercise, AKT, ERK, and GSK phosphorylation were decreased to a level similar to that of the LFD mice (p<0.05). Further, AMPK phosphorylation was reduced 2 hours post-exercise, indicative of a decline in cellular stress (HFD 1.5±0.29 vs 2h 0.4±0.06 A.U.; p<0.05). Together this was accompanied by a decrease in beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE) content post-exercise (HFD 1.2±0.1 vs 2h 0.78±0.05; p<0.05). There were no apparent effects of HFD or exercise on gliosis, assessed as total protein content of GFAP or IBa1. CONCLUSION: Findings from this study provide evidence to suggest that a single, acute bout of exercise may have beneficial neuro-protective effects in obesity. These protective effects may be mediated through reduced AKT, ERK, GSK, and AMPK signaling in the cortex. Supported by Alzheimer Society Canada.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".