Mobility of the elderly in Peru: Life course, labour and the rise of a pensioner economy in a Peruvian peasant community
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This case study combines economic and life course history to highlight new forms of inequality. While a previous generation of industrial workers had jobs with benefits, their children have become a precariat. Peru is no exception, despite its booming resource economy. In a context of continuing strong inter-generational ties, pensioners from the community of Allpachico support their precariat children and receive personalized elder care in return. State-funded community development through participatory budgeting, an attempt to stave off the ‘resource curse’, has provided residential services that can ease pensioners’ senior years. This permits them to choose whether to live in their community of origin or elsewhere. In contrast, elderly women and men without pensions may have to leave their peasant community homes to be cared for by their urban precariat children. Local economies that are oriented to pensioners’ needs, however, are necessarily unstable since pensions cannot be inherited and the neoliberal economy generates few new jobs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".