Visual stimuli, photosensitivity, and photosensitive epilepsy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter focuses on the emerging and less common viruses that cause encephalitis and seizures. It presents emerging encephalitides such as Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, Nipah virus, enterovirus 71, dengue virus, human herpesvirus 6, Chandipura virus and Monkeypox virus. The chapter discusses the other uncommon encephalitides such as rabies, Tick-borne encephalitis, LaCrosse encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, Western equine encephalitis, Eastern equine encephalitis and Murray Valley encephalitis. Most viral infections of the central nervous system cause acute brain parenchymal inflammation with perivascular lymphocytic and mononuclear cell cuffing and infiltration, ballooning and death of neurons leading to subsequent gliosis. Tick-borne encephalitis virus first infects the Langerhans cells before invading the lymphoid and reticulo endothelial system, and finally causes inflammation not just in the brain, but also in the spinal cord and the leptomeninges. The Venezuelan and Eastern equine viruses, Nipah and Hendra viruses cause widespread vasculitic changes and microvascular infarcts.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.040 | 0.016 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".