Surface reconstruction and As-polymerization at fractured loellingite (FeAs <sub>2</sub> ) surfaces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (SRXPS) and conventional X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) of pristine (unreacted) loellingite fracture surfaces reveal two distinct contributions to the As 3d spectrum. One is derived from As atoms of the bulk phase (fully coordinated As atoms) and the other is derived from polymeric As species located on fracture surfaces. Surface polymerization reactions probably proceed in response to fracture whereby As dimers at the surface react to produce surface tetramers and possibly surface heptamers. Trimeric and pentameric species may form where As-As bond scission occurs during fracture. The (001) surface of loellingite is autocompensated and unlikely to undergo reconstruction. The (010) and (100) surfaces are, however, arsenic-terminated and uncompensated, and surface reconstruction is expected. The short “c” dimension of the loellingite unit cell is critically important to surface polymerization because arsenic dimers on (100) and (010) surfaces are separated by 2.88 Å (normal to c) which is only 16% greater than the As-As bond length. Because of the short distance, adjacent surface dimers likely tilt toward each other and bond to produce surface tetramers. This should introduce minimal strain and eliminate high-energy dangling bonds thus stabilizing the surface. The polymerization reaction also explains the absence of surface (core-level-shifted) As dimeric and monomeric signals such as observed on pyrite surfaces
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".